Digital Photography 101
Chapter 4: Exposure and how it works
4.2: Aperture
An aperture is a hole in a lens, which can be controlled. The
larger the hole the more light will reach the focal plane. The size
is measured in f-stops and this is where it can get confusing. The
larger the hole the smaller the f stops numerical number. The term
'stop' comes from the days where a photographer would place a physical
stop into a lens to decrease the aperture. To stop down a lens in
today's terminology is to reduce the size of an aperture.
The aperture size and range depends on the quality of the lens
f4.5 to f22 is typical of a consumer brand lens and is known as
slow glass.
f2.8 to f44 is typical of professional branded lenses and known
as fast glass.
The larger aperture at f2.8 is beneficial in hand holding the lens
in low light.
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